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  • Mixed Reality Curriculum
  • What is the Metaverse?
    • Microsoft Mesh
  • Unity Lessons
    • 01 - Introduction to Mixed Reality
      • Concepts
        • What is Mixed Reality?
        • What is the difference between Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality and Mixed Reality?
        • Why is Mixed Reality important?
        • Will mixed reality replace our phones and Personal Computers?
        • How do I decide if I need to develop for Virtual Reality or Augmented Reality?
        • What are some use cases for Mixed Reality applications?
        • What are some examples of Mixed Reality Applications?
        • What is Mixed Reality Toolkit(MRTK)?
      • Project
        • What do I need to download for Mixed Reality development with Unity for HoloLens?
        • How to get started with Unity3D Editor interface?
        • What are some key concepts for working with Unity?
        • How to Get Started with Mixed Reality Development Using Unity?
        • How to get started with HoloLens Seed Project?
        • How to change preferences in Unity?
        • How to add Mixed Reality Toolkit(MRTK) to a project?
        • How to open MRTK example scenes?
        • How to enable Developer Mode in HoloLens?
        • How to enable Developer Mode on an Android Device?
        • How to build your project for HoloLens?
        • How to deploy your app to a HoloLens?
        • How to set up your project for iOS or Android[Experimental]?
        • How to build your scene for Android and iOS Devices?
        • How to build and deploy your project for Windows Mixed Reality Headset?
      • What could go wrong?
      • Resources
    • 02 - Mixed Reality Developer Tools and Concepts
      • Concepts
        • What is Debugging?
        • What makes a 3D model? What are Polygons, Splines, Vertices, Meshes and Materials?
        • How to choose performant 3D models for your application?
      • Project
        • How to simulate input interactions in Unity editor?
        • How to set-up HoloLens 2 development environment?
        • How to use MRTK Visual Profiler?
        • What is HoloLens Emulator?
        • How to set-up HoloLens 2 Emulator
        • How to deploy to HoloLens Emulator?
        • What is HoloLens Device Portal?
        • How to monitor performance of your app?
        • Working with 3D Objects
        • How to log for debugging purposes?
        • How to add MRTK(Mixed Reality Toolkit) Diagnostic System to your project?
        • Where to find pre-made 3D models?
        • How to upload 3D models to your project?
        • How to create your own models using Maquette?
        • How to create polygon models?
        • How to create 3D models with splines?
        • How to create 3D models using Autodesk 3dsMax?
      • What could go wrong?
      • Resources
    • 03 - Hand Interactions and Controllers
      • Concepts
        • Why the hand interaction is important?
        • What are Gestures?
      • Project
        • How to run the (Mixed Reality Toolkit)MRTK Hand Interaction examples in Unity Editor?
        • How to add hand interactions to an object?
        • How to add Manipulation Handler to your object?
        • How to organize your objects into a grid view?
        • How to grab and move an object?
        • How to rotate and scale an object?
        • How to make an object respond to input events?
        • How to style Bounding Box?
        • How to add visual feedback?
        • How to add audio feedback?
        • How to add button prefabs to your project?
        • How to organize your buttons into a grid view?
        • How to make your buttons follow your hand?
        • How to use simplified joint data access?
      • What could go wrong?
        • Mixing scaling and moving.
        • Having a small bounding box.
      • Resources
    • 04 - Eye and Head Gaze
      • Concepts
      • Project
        • How to get permission to use eye-tracking?
        • How to setup eye-tracking?
        • How to simulate eye-tracking in the Unity editor?
        • How to enable eye calibration?
        • How to use eye-tracking to select an object?
        • How to use eye-tracking for infinite scroll?
        • How to visualize eye tracking data?
        • How to setup head tracking?
      • What could go wrong?
        • Using eye movement without a delay to select an object.
        • Using eye gaze to influence the user.
      • Resources
    • 05 - Map Visualization
      • Concepts
        • Why is spatial data important?
        • What are some good spatial visualizations for Mixed Reality?
        • What is Bing Maps SDK?
      • Project
        • How to sign up for Bing Maps Developer Key?
        • How to add BingMaps SDK to your project?
        • How to create and configure your first map in unity?
        • How to style your map?
        • What is a Map Terrain Type?
        • How to add hand interactions for scaling and rotation?
        • How to style bounding box?
        • How to animate your map?
        • How to add pins to your map?
        • How to add pins using the MapPinLayer?
        • How to cluster map pins for larger data-sets?
        • What are the different considerations, settings you need for Virtual Reality vs Augmented Reality?
      • What could go wrong?
        • Does the dimensions of the map effect performance?
        • Does Map Terrain Type effect performance?
        • Can I customize the materials and shaders?
        • Can quality settings effect the performance?
        • Can adding pins would slow down my application?
      • Resources
    • 06 - REST APIs
      • Concepts
      • Project
        • What is UnityWebRequest?
      • What could go wrong?
      • Resources
    • 07 - Spatial Anchors
      • Concepts
        • What is a Spatial Anchor?
        • Why use Spatial Anchors?
        • Which devices does Azure Spatial Anchors support?
        • What do I need to do to make sure Android, iOS and HoloLens are using the same point as my anchor?
        • What is Anchor Relationships and what is it useful for?
        • What information about an environment is transmitted and stored on the ASA service?
      • Project
        • How to sign up for Azure Account?
        • How to create an Azure Spatial Anchor resources?
        • How to include Azure Spatial Anchors(ASA) SDK to your project?
        • How to create an Azure Spatial Anchor app and configure a scene?
        • How to add ASA script to your scene?
        • How to update the UI when a callback resolves?
        • How to initialize a CloudSpatialAnchorSession?
        • How to save the new CloudSpatialAnchor as a WorldAnchor on the local platform?
        • How to upload your local Anchor into the cloud?
        • How to build and use the ASA app for HoloLens?
        • How do I know my anchors are saved on Azure resources?
        • How to create a CosmosDB table to save and share the anchors between devices?
      • What could go wrong?
      • Resources
    • 08 - Spatial Anchor Visualization on Map
    • 09 - QR Codes
    • 10 - Spatial Awareness
      • Concepts
        • What is Spatial Mapping?
        • What is Scene Understanding?
        • What are SceneQuads?
        • How to decide to use Spatial Map or Scene Understanding?
      • Project
      • What could go wrong?
      • Resources
    • 11 - AI
    • 12 - Project Discussion and Case Studies
      • What are the things to consider before you decide on an idea?
      • What could go wrong?
  • WebXR Lessons
    • 3D on the Web
      • Concepts
        • What is WebGL?
        • What is Field of View?
        • What is Aspect Ratio of a Camera?
        • What is near and far clipping planes of a camera?
        • What does updating projection matrix do?
        • What are 3D primitive objects?
        • What is a Vertex?
        • What are 3D model loaders?
        • Materials
        • What is a Normal in 3D?
        • Environment Maps
        • Normal Maps
        • Subsurface Scattering
        • UV Mapping
        • Baking
        • Texturing
        • Animations and Rigging
        • 3D scene interactions
        • What is a Transformation Matrix
        • What are 3DOF or 6DOF?
      • Project
        • How to create a basic 3D scene?
        • BabylonJS Scene
        • ThreeJS Scene
        • AFrame Scene
        • How to create a globe visualization with ThreeJS
        • Lighting your scene
        • 3D Performance
      • What could go wrong?
      • Resources
    • WebXR Device APIs
      • Concepts
        • What are WebXR Device APIs?
        • Which Devices are Compatible with WebXR?
        • Which Browsers support WebXR?
        • What is the Lifecycle of a WebXR Application?
        • What is XRReferenceSpaceType?
      • Project
        • How to enable VR?
        • How to enable AR and Hit-test?
        • How to debug and test your WebXR Application with Chrome Dev Tools?
        • How to load a 3D Model
      • Resources
      • What could go wrong?
    • A-Frame
      • Concepts
      • Basic A-Frame Scene
      • Project
        • Inclusive Apps with WebXR & AI
        • Creating WebXR apps for Transportation with A-Frame
        • Transportation Game
      • What could go wrong?
      • Resources
    • Three.js
    • Babylon.js
      • Concepts
        • What is BabylonJS?
        • What is a scene?
        • What is Playground?
      • Project
        • How to create your first Scene in Playground
        • What is an Arc Camera?
        • What is an Hemispheric Light?
        • What is a Box Mesh?
        • Basic Scene Exercises
        • How to load a 3D model on Playground?
        • How to add user interactions?
        • How to add WebXR support?
          • How to add Virtual Reality capabilities to your app?
          • How to test your WebXR app on an Android phone or Google Cardboard?
          • How to add Augmented Reality capabilities to your app?
        • How to setup a BabylonJS local development environment and project?
        • How to Create a WebXR Augmented Reality App on Your Local Device
        • Babylon.js AR scene
        • Add Speech SDK
        • Server
        • Token Util
        • Create Speech Resources
      • Resources
    • WebXR Meetups
    • Resources
  • Unreal Engine Lessons
    • Blueprints
      • Concepts
        • What are Blueprints?
        • How Do Blueprints Work?
      • Project
        • How to add functionality to buttons using blueprints?
      • What could go wrong?
  • Artificial Intelligence(AI) Lessons
    • Introduction to AI Fundamental
      • Concepts
        • What is training data?
      • Project
        • How to create a no code AI application using Power Apps and Custom Vision?
          • What is Power Platform?
          • Is AI Builder the right choice?
          • What is Object Detection?
          • How to detect objects from images?
          • How to improve Model performance?
          • How to use your Custom Vision model in a Power App?
          • What's next?
      • What could go wrong?
      • Resources
    • Speech
      • What's the problem we are solving?
      • Where to get started?
      • Creating an Azure Resource
      • How to make the Speech API call?
      • How to transcribe Speech
      • How to Translate Speech
      • Tools
    • Cognitive Services Best Practices
      • Concepts
      • Project
      • What could go wrong?
      • Resources
    • AI Show Episode 46
      • What could go wrong?
    • AI Show Episode 48
      • Resources
  • Exercises
    • Creating your first app
    • Adding interactions
    • Working with Coordinate System
    • Working with Spatial Sound
    • Adding Voice Commands
    • Working with Speech services to create subtitles
    • Working with Translation Services
    • Detecting objects with Vision services
    • Creating IoT data visualizations
    • Working with Digital Twins to collect spatial data
    • Working with Azure Spatial Anchors for shared experiences
  • FAQ
  • Glossary
    • AI
    • XR
      • 3D Concepts
    • Computer Science
  • How to contribute?
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  1. WebXR Lessons
  2. 3D on the Web
  3. Concepts

What is a Normal in 3D?

Normal is the direction a face of an object is pointing. It is used to correctly map images as textures to an object.

TODO: Examples...

PreviousMaterialsNextEnvironment Maps

Last updated 4 years ago

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